Brief information about the Guadalajara
Guadalajara Guadalajara (, Spanish: [ɡwaðalaˈxaɾa] ) is a metropolis in western Mexico and capital of the state of Jalisco. The city has a population of 1,460,148, while the Guadalajara metropolitan area has a population of 5,002,466, making it the second-largest metropolitan area in the country.
Guadalajara has the second highest population density in Mexico, with over 10,361 per square kilometre. Guadalajara is an international center of business, finance, arts, and culture, as well as the economic center of the Bajío region, one of the most productive and developed regions in Latin America.
Guadalajara is the tenth largest metropolitan area in Latin America and the city is one of Latin America's major tech hubs and financial centers. Guadalajara is one of the most productive and globally competitive cities in the world. The city is an important center for science, technology, finance, culture, innovation, education, business, and tourism in Mexico.
The city is home to numerous landmarks, including Guadalajara Cathedral, the Teatro Degollado, the Templo Expiatorio, the Hospicio Cabañas, and the San Juan de Dios Market, the largest indoor market in Latin America.The city was founded on 14 February 1542 by Cristóbal de Oñate, a Basque conquistador, as the capital of the Kingdom of Nueva Galicia, part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
Following 1572, the Royal Audiencia of Guadalajara, previously subordinate to Mexico City, became the only authority in New Spain with autonomy over Nueva Galicia, owing to rapidly growing wealth in the kingdom following the discovery of silver. By the 18th century, Guadalajara taken its place as Mexico's second city, following mass colonial migrations in the 1720's and 1760's.
During the Mexican War of Independence, independence leader Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla established Mexico's first revolutionary government in Guadalajara in 1810. The city flourished during the Porfiriato, with the advent of the industrial revolution, but its growth was hampered significantly during the Mexican Revolution.
The Cristero War ended in 1929 in the city, when President Plutarco Elías Calles proclaimed the Grito de Guadalajara. The city continued continual growth throughout the rest of the 20th century, attaining a 1 million metro population in the 1960's and passing 3 million in the 1990's.
Guadalajara is a global city and one of Mexico's most important cultural centers, as home to numerous mainstays of Mexican culture, including Mariachi, Tequila, and Birria, as well as for the numerous notable events the city hosts, including the Guadalajara International Film Festival, the most important film festival in Latin America, and the Guadalajara International Book Fair, the largest book fair in the Americas.
The city was the American Capital of Culture in 2005 and has hosted numerous global events, including the 1970 FIFA World Cup, the 1986 FIFA World Cup, the 1st Ibero-American Summit in 1991 and the 2011 Pan American Games. The city is home to numerous universities and research institutions, including the University of Guadalajara and the Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, two of the highest-ranked universities in Mexico and Latin America.